The Robert L. Heilbroner Center for Capitalism Studies is developing a major research initiative examining the economic foundations of two competing post-neoliberal models: authoritarian capitalism and democratic socialism.

As authoritarian political movements reshape economic institutions and state-business relations across the world, new questions arise about the relationship between economic and political power, the role of the state, and the future of democratic economic governance. At the same time, renewed interest in progressive economic alternatives calls for a stronger theoretical foundation capable of addressing inequality, economic insecurity, and the challenges of inclusive and sustainable growth.

This project brings together leading economists, scholars and practitioners to advance economic theory, examine alternative policy frameworks, and explore the practical challenges of implementing a democratic socialist economic agenda.

The initiative is organized around three interconnected research streams, each contributing to a broader discussion of the future of economic theory and policy. The research will culminate in a two-day conference at The New School in Spring 2027, bringing together scholars and policymakers to present and discuss their work.